Foreign Affairs and International Development

This Canadian parliamentary committee meeting focused on the relationship between Canada and the United States, particularly regarding trade and defense. The committee members heard from government officials and experts about the ongoing challenges and potential next steps. Key speakers from the Department of Foreign Affairs, Trade and Development, Niall Cronin, Yannick Mondy, and Martin Larose, provided an overview. Niall Cronin emphasized the broad and enduring nature of the Canada-U.S. relationship. Yannick Mondy detailed the recent trade disputes, including the U.S. imposing tariffs on Canadian goods and Canada's reciprocal countermeasures. She explained that negotiations for a new trade agreement broke down in August, but Canada remains open to constructive dialogue. Martin Larose discussed the strong defense and security cooperation, noting Canada's increased defense spending and its positive reception by the U.S., especially concerning NORAD modernization and Arctic security. During the question period, committee members pressed officials on the economic rationale and impact of the countertariffs on Canadian businesses. Yannick Mondy stated that the tariffs aim to defend Canadian interests against unfair U.S. actions, but she could not provide specific government analysis on the costs to Canadian businesses. Questions were also raised about Canada's concessions in past negotiations and what was gained in return. Officials highlighted ongoing engagement with U.S. state and local stakeholders to promote the benefits of the bilateral relationship. In the second hour, independent experts Professor Andrea Charron, Dr. Meredith Lilly, and Jamie Tronnes offered their perspectives. Professor Charron focused on the defense relationship, particularly NORAD, urging accelerated modernization and diplomatic efforts to preserve its binational character. Dr. Lilly, an international trade professor, advised the committee to prepare for renewed trade negotiations, emphasizing the need to protect Canadian economic interests and avoid a "bad deal" that could harm the manufacturing sector. Jamie Tronnes, from the Center for North American Prosperity and Security, argued that Canada needs to be more assertive in its defense spending and resource development to be taken seriously by the U.S. and other allies. The experts generally agreed that while the trade relationship faces significant challenges, the defense relationship remains strong, and Canada needs to prioritize supporting affected industries and ensuring its sovereignty. No formal decisions were made during this meeting, but the discussions highlighted the need for continued vigilance in trade negotiations, strategic investments in defense, and robust support for Canadian industries impacted by tariffs. The committee will continue its study of the bilateral relationship in future meetings.

The Canadian parliamentary committee on Foreign Affairs and International Development met to discuss the government's spending plans for 2026-27. The Minister of Foreign Affairs, Anita Anand, presented the department's request for $7.2 billion, highlighting efforts to strengthen alliances, diversify trade, and champion human rights through initiatives like the proposed law to ban goods made with forced labor. Key speakers included Minister Anand, who defended the independence of Canadian Members of Parliament to visit Taiwan and discussed Canada's Arctic foreign policy, emphasizing collaboration with NATO and northern communities. Conservative committee members Michael Chong and Lianne Rood questioned the government's approach to Taiwan trade, the protection of diplomats, and the effectiveness and transparency of foreign aid spending, particularly concerning funds to Gaza and countries with poor human rights records. Bloc Québécois member Alexis Brunelle-Duceppe pressed the Minister on the Taiwan trade agreement and cuts to international assistance, also questioning the government's advice to Liberal MPs regarding a trip to Taiwan. Later, officials from the Department of Foreign Affairs, Trade and Development provided details on the $2.7 billion reduction in international development assistance, mainly affecting global health programs. They also discussed new climate finance commitments, including a $5.3 billion pledge and efforts to mobilize private sector funds. The committee then moved to a clause-by-clause review of a proposed law, Bill C-219, which aims to amend several acts related to foreign affairs, trade, and broadcasting, with several amendments being passed.

This meeting of the Foreign Affairs and International Development committee was about reviewing a proposed law (Bill C-219) that aims to change how Canada handles foreign affairs, sanctions, and human rights. Committee members went through the proposed law section by section, discussing and voting on various changes. A key discussion point was how much information the government should make public about human rights cases. Robert Oliphant, a Liberal committee member, argued that the government needs flexibility and discretion to decide when to speak publicly, as sometimes going public can put people's lives in danger. He also opposed expanding the definition of "family member" for sanctions, stating that existing immigration laws already cover this and that a broader definition could create problems for government operations. Officials from Immigration and Foreign Affairs supported this view, explaining the complexities of international law and existing provisions. Conservative members, including James Bezan and Michael Chong, pushed for more public reporting on human rights issues, citing witnesses who said public naming helps victims and holds bad actors accountable. They also wanted to broaden the definition of family members for sanctions to prevent people from hiding money. Another significant debate was about renaming the Special Economic Measures Act to include "Sergei Magnitsky Law" and whether to ban state-controlled broadcasters from countries that commit serious international wrongs, like CGTN. Mr. Chong argued that public airwaves should not be used by such entities, while Mr. Oliphant raised concerns about censorship and the CRTC's expertise. The committee voted on many changes. Most of the Liberal-proposed changes were accepted, while many Conservative ones were not. Several sections of the proposed law were removed entirely. The committee decided to put off decisions on the final name of the proposed law and a few other sections until a future meeting, which will take place on Tuesday at 5:30.

The committee met to discuss the security situation in the Balkans, focusing on the Republic of Kosovo and its path to joining European organizations. The meeting began with some procedural discussions about meeting times and attendance. The Ambassador of the Republic of Kosovo to Canada, His Excellency Adriatik Kryeziu, spoke about Kosovo's strong partnership with Canada and its commitment to peace and democracy. He highlighted that the security in the region is fragile because Serbia refuses to recognize Kosovo's independence and supports groups that try to undermine Kosovo's government. He mentioned a serious attack in September 2023 by an armed group from Serbia and asked Canada to urge Serbia to hand over those responsible. The Ambassador also raised concerns about the rights of ethnic Albanians in southern Serbia and Serbia's close ties with Russia and China, which he sees as a threat to stability. He emphasized Kosovo's desire to join NATO and the European Union as quickly as possible. Committee members asked the Ambassador about Kosovo's journey to the European Union, its relationship with China, and how Canada could further help. The Ambassador explained that joining the European Union is closely tied to talks with Serbia, and Kosovo is careful about China's growing influence. He also pointed out Canada's existing support in defence and security, and the potential for more economic cooperation, especially in mining. Later, three other experts – Dr. Muhamet Brajshori, Dr. Gëzim Visoka, and Jos Boonstra – joined the discussion. They agreed that the Balkans remain vulnerable due to old disagreements, outside interference, and slow progress in joining Europe. They stressed that Canada should actively support Kosovo's NATO membership and increase its involvement in the region. They also talked about challenges like corruption and political disagreements within Kosovo and the wider area. The experts noted that major obstacles for Kosovo joining the European Union include the five EU countries that don't recognize it and Serbia's unwillingness to cooperate. They also discussed new ideas from Germany and France for a step-by-step process for countries to join the European Union, which could be a positive change. All speakers agreed that the risk of a larger conflict in the Balkans is serious and should not be ignored, especially with changing international priorities. At the end of the meeting, the committee approved budgets for future briefings and adopted a report on democracy and human rights defenders. The committee's next meeting will focus on a proposed law, C-219.

This committee meeting focused on Canada's Indo-Pacific Strategy and the security situation in the Balkans. The first part of the meeting involved two professors discussing Canada's Indo-Pacific Strategy, while the second part featured experts on the Balkans discussing security challenges in that region. During the discussion on the Indo-Pacific Strategy, Professor Stéphanie Martel and Professor Dominique Caouette both agreed that the strategy needs to evolve rather than be completely reinvented. They emphasized the importance of a more detailed and flexible approach, moving away from broad labels for countries and focusing on specific areas where Canada can make a difference, such as security-focused initiatives like dark vessel detection and disaster relief. They also highlighted the need for Canada to increase its diplomatic presence and leverage Canadian expertise, including from the higher education sector and the Asian diaspora, to better understand the region and strengthen relationships. In the second part of the meeting, Dr. Jasmin Mujanović, Dr. Maria Popova, and Jo-Anne Bishop spoke about the security situation in the Balkans. Dr. Mujanović warned that the region's security is worsening due to ambitions from Serbia and Croatia, and the growing influence of China and Russia. He pointed to Serbia's military build-up and its support for secessionist movements in Bosnia and Kosovo. Dr. Popova discussed threats to NATO members in the Balkans, including Russian drone incursions and hybrid warfare, and domestic political instability. Jo-Anne Bishop, representing UN Women, stressed that peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina is fragile due to unresolved issues and the exclusion of women from decision-making. She emphasized that violence against women undermines trust and stability, and that continued funding for women, peace, and security initiatives is crucial. Key next steps identified include Canada re-establishing its diplomatic presence in the Balkans, increasing coordination with European allies on sanctions, and exploring opportunities for Canadian companies in energy and critical minerals in the region. There was also a strong call for Canada to continue supporting programs that foster Canadian expertise and engagement in multilateral institutions, and to maintain funding for women, peace, and security initiatives in the Balkans, despite global funding cuts.

This committee meeting focused on the security situation in the Balkans region, with committee members hearing from government officials and experts about the challenges and progress in countries like Kosovo, Serbia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina. The discussion highlighted ongoing issues and potential ways Canada could help. The first group of speakers included Canadian ambassadors and a director general from the Department of Foreign Affairs. Gallit Dobner, a director general, explained that while the Balkans are more stable than in the past, problems like ethnic disputes, weak governments, crime, and outside influences (especially from Russia) still exist. She pointed out ongoing tensions between Kosovo and Serbia, political issues in Kosovo, and fragility in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Michelle Cameron, Ambassador to Serbia, discussed efforts to help Serbia reduce its reliance on Russian energy and concerns about Chinese debt in Montenegro. Committee members asked about foreign interference from Russia and China, Canada's diplomatic presence in the region, and the effectiveness of international organizations. The second group of speakers included experts: Valerie Percival, a professor, Krenare Recaj, a Ph.D. candidate, and Maria Berishaj-Sylejmani, a gender equality specialist. Professor Percival emphasized that Canada's foreign policy is most effective when it has a clear purpose, like protecting people, and uses many tools, not just military strength. She suggested Canada should do more in the region. Krenare Recaj argued that linking Kosovo's future in Europe to its relationship with Serbia is not working and that Canada should push to separate these issues. Maria Berishaj-Sylejmani highlighted the importance of women's involvement in peace and security efforts, noting that women are still under-represented in decision-making and security roles, and stressed the need to fight against false information and foreign influence. No major new policies or proposed laws were decided during the meeting. However, committee members did approve budgets for various studies, including one on the security situation in the Balkans and another for a proposed law. They also approved expenses for a future meeting with the Speaker of Greenland's Parliament. The discussions identified potential next steps for Canada, such as increasing its diplomatic presence in the region, supporting women's peace and security initiatives, and exploring ways to counter foreign interference and false information.

The committee met to talk about a proposed law, Bill C-219, which aims to make Canada's rules for punishing human rights abusers and corrupt foreign officials much stronger. This proposed law would change several existing laws, including the one known as the Sergei Magnitsky Law, to better target those who commit serious human rights violations. Sir William Browder, who leads a global campaign for justice, explained that the proposed law would rename Canada's main sanctions law after Sergei Magnitsky, a Russian lawyer who died in prison after exposing corruption. This change would make it clear why Canada uses these punishments. He also said the law would punish family members of sanctioned people and deal with foreign governments targeting people living in Canada. Vladimir Kara-Murza, a former political prisoner from Russia, shared his personal story, saying that public support and sanctions helped him get released. He strongly believes that publicly reporting on political prisoners gives them hope and can save lives. Marcus Kolga, an expert on misinformation, also supported the proposed law. He highlighted how it would help stop foreign governments from harassing people in Canada and prevent state-controlled news channels, like those from Russia and China, from broadcasting harmful information. Kate McInnes, a human rights lawyer, agreed with the law's goals but suggested changes to make sure it can catch people who secretly work for foreign governments to carry out harassment. She also worried that the law might punish family members without enough proof, which could go against fair legal practices. Committee members discussed if publicly naming political prisoners always helps, with Mr. Kara-Murza stressing its importance. They also talked about how well Canada's current sanctions are working and the need for better enforcement. The committee will meet again to discuss a different topic, the security situation in the Balkans, and also plans an informal meeting with the President of the Parliament of Greenland.

The committee met to review Canada's Indo-Pacific strategy, discussing how to update it for a changing world and strengthen Canada's role in the region. Three experts, Dr. Scott Simon from the University of Ottawa, Jonathan Berkshire Miller from the Macdonald-Laurier Institute, and Vina Nadjibulla from the Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada, shared their views. They all agreed that the strategy, launched in 2022, needs to be refreshed because the global situation has changed significantly, pointing to events like the war in Ukraine, tensions in the Middle East, and the potential impact of a new U.S. presidency. They emphasized that Canada needs a clearer and firmer approach to China, describing it as a "disruptive actor" and stressing that economic decisions cannot be separated from national security concerns. The speakers highlighted the importance of supporting Taiwan's resilience, including completing a trade agreement, continuing naval ship passages through the Taiwan Strait, and maintaining parliamentary visits, despite China's objections. They also recommended strengthening ties with democratic partners like Japan, Australia, and the Philippines, and working together to push back against China's aggressive actions and unfair trade practices. Concerns were raised about importing Chinese electric vehicles due to potential security risks and links to forced labor. The experts suggested that the updated strategy should focus on fewer priorities, have more dedicated funding, and clearly measure its success. They advised Canada to leverage its strengths in areas like energy, artificial intelligence, and critical minerals to become a more influential partner. They also stressed the need to continue addressing foreign interference in Canada and to use Canada's diverse communities and universities to build stronger connections in the Indo-Pacific region.

The House of Commons Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs and International Development met to discuss a proposed law that would change several existing laws related to human rights and sanctions. The proposed law aims to strengthen Canada's ability to respond to human rights violations and corruption around the world. Witnesses from various government departments, including Global Affairs Canada and the Department of Canadian Heritage, shared their perspectives on the proposed changes. Robert Brookfield from Global Affairs Canada raised concerns about some parts of the proposed law. He worried that publishing details about individual human rights defenders could put them at risk. He also suggested that the proposed law's definition of "family member" for visa restrictions might be too narrow. Angelica Liao-Moroz, also from Global Affairs Canada, explained the department's preference for the term "human rights defenders" over "prisoners of conscience," saying it's a broader, more inclusive term. Charlene Budnisky from Canadian Heritage discussed concerns about how the proposed law might affect freedom of expression for broadcasters. Brandon Silver from the Raoul Wallenberg Centre for Human Rights spoke in favor of the proposed law. He emphasized the importance of shining a light on prisoners of conscience and expanding visa bans to immediate family members of those sanctioned. Committee members discussed potential amendments to the proposed law, including clarifying definitions and ensuring the safety of individuals and their families. No final decisions were made during the meeting, but committee members plan to continue discussing the proposed law and consider potential changes.

The House of Commons Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs and International Development met to discuss a proposed law, Bill C-219, which aims to strengthen Canada's ability to address corruption and human rights violations around the world. James Bezan, a Member of Parliament, introduced the proposed law and explained its various components, including requiring annual reports on international human rights, defining "transnational repression" to sanction foreign nationals who commit it in Canada, banning family members of sanctioned individuals, and revoking licenses for media outlets spreading propaganda from sanctioned entities. He emphasized the need to close loopholes in existing legislation and protect Canadian values and diaspora communities. During the meeting, committee members asked questions and raised concerns about the proposed law. Ziad Aboultaif discussed how the proposed law could address foreign interference and protect Canadian communities from intimidation. Robert Oliphant acknowledged the government's support for the proposed law's intentions but suggested amendments to ensure it aligns with government operations and protects human rights defenders. Alexis Brunelle-Duceppe pointed out discrepancies between the English and French versions of the proposed law and raised concerns about the potential impact on freedom of expression and privacy. Other committee members, including Tamara Kronis, Anita Vandenbeld, Grant Jackson, and Braedon Clark, also raised questions and offered suggestions for improvement. Discussions covered topics such as asset forfeiture timelines, the definition of "prisoners of conscience," and potential unintended consequences of the proposed law. Bezan expressed openness to working with all parliamentarians to make reasonable amendments that would strengthen the proposed law. The committee did not make any final decisions during the meeting, but it was clear that there is broad support for the goals of the proposed law. The next steps will likely involve further discussion and debate, as well as potential amendments to address the concerns raised by committee members.

The House of Commons Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs and International Development met to discuss the role of Canada's ambassador to the United States. Mark Wiseman, the ambassador, gave an opening statement about his background and priorities, including strengthening the Canada-U.S. relationship and addressing trade issues. He apologized for an error where an invitation was sent out in English only. Committee members questioned Wiseman on various topics, including trade negotiations, tariffs, and his past statements on supply management. Several committee members questioned Ambassador Wiseman about the strategy for dealing with tariffs on steel, aluminum, and autos, with some expressing concern that Canada was not actively negotiating. Wiseman reiterated that Canada is ready to negotiate and is working to reduce uncertainty caused by U.S. trade policies. Members also raised concerns about the impact of these tariffs on Canadian businesses and the economy. Some committee members questioned Wiseman about his past views on supply management and his involvement with the Century Initiative, which aims to increase Canada's population. Wiseman stated that his personal views are irrelevant and that he is committed to representing the policies of the Canadian government. He also addressed concerns about an invitation to committee members that was sent only in English, calling it an unacceptable error. Steven Guilbeault introduced a motion to affirm the committee's commitment to official bilingualism and to invite the Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs to discuss Global Affairs Canada's Official Languages policy. The committee discussed the importance of the Canada-U.S. relationship, including trade, defense, and cultural ties. Wiseman emphasized the need to diversify Canada's relationships while maintaining a strong connection with the United States. The committee agreed to schedule future meetings to discuss proposed law C-219 and to hold an informal meeting with the Kosovo deputy minister of foreign affairs.

The House of Commons Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs and International Development met to discuss Canada's Indo-Pacific strategy. The committee heard from Kai Ostwald, a professor at UBC, and Ari Van Assche, a professor at HEC Montréal. Ostwald highlighted that the Indo-Pacific region is economically and geopolitically important, but Canada has underinvested in the area, leading to deficits in knowledge, networks, and reputation. He suggested focusing on trade and security while also investing in people-to-people connections. Van Assche emphasized the need for Canada to diversify its trade to reduce overreliance on China and the United States. He proposed focusing on value chain positioning, prioritizing key sectors, and building strategic partnerships with countries aligned with Canada's economic security goals. Committee members asked about specific sectors to focus on, ways to lower barriers to trade, and concerns about forced labor in Chinese supply chains. The committee also heard from Stephen Nagy, a professor at International Christian University, and Cleo Paskal, a senior fellow at the Foundation for Defense of Democracies. Nagy emphasized Canada's need to be actively involved in regional agreements, prevent security issues, and avoid the dominance of any single regional power like China. He suggested strengthening relationships with the United States and developing bilateral ties with Japan, South Korea, Vietnam, and Indonesia. Paskal focused on strategic geography, highlighting the importance of the Central Pacific and the need to counter corruption in island nations. She suggested Canada could provide legal support and expertise to combat corruption and build resilience in the region. Committee members discussed the importance of Taiwan, the Solomon Islands, and the potential for closing consulates in Auckland and Osaka. They also explored the role of climate change in the region and the need for Canada to balance economic prosperity with environmental concerns. The committee discussed the importance of a written foreign policy and whether the current strategy should be updated. The witnesses emphasized the need for Canada to be strategic in its approach, focusing on key partnerships and addressing corruption to maintain a free and open Indo-Pacific.

The House of Commons Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs and International Development met to discuss Canada's Indo-Pacific Strategy. Government officials from various departments, including Foreign Affairs, Trade and Development, National Defence, and the Canadian Armed Forces, provided updates on the strategy's progress and answered questions from committee members. The discussion covered topics such as trade diversification, security partnerships, and Canada's relationship with key countries in the region, including China and India. The officials emphasized the strategy's adaptability and its focus on advancing Canada's interests in the rapidly evolving Indo-Pacific region. Weldon Epp, Assistant Deputy Minister, Indo-Pacific, highlighted the economic importance of the Indo-Pacific region and Canada's efforts to strengthen trade and security partnerships. He mentioned increased ministerial visits, naval presence, and trade missions to the region. He also spoke about progress in renewing the bilateral relationship with India and engaging with China on areas of mutual interest. Michael Chong, a Conservative MP, questioned the witnesses on the timing of an updated Indo-Pacific strategy document and the status of a trade arrangement with Taiwan. Anita Vandenbeld, a Liberal MP, inquired about the link between open societies and security in the Indo-Pacific region, as well as Canada's engagement on human rights and women, peace, and security. Alexis Brunelle-Duceppe, a Bloc Québécois MP, raised concerns about the delay in signing a trade agreement with Taiwan and the government's approach to China. Lianne Rood, a Conservative MP, questioned the government's progress on the Indo-Pacific strategy and the role of Canadian energy exports in the region. Committee members expressed interest in various aspects of the strategy, including trade agreements, energy exports, and human rights. The officials provided updates on ongoing negotiations, partnerships, and initiatives in the region. The committee agreed to adopt budgets for the mandate of the Ambassador of Canada to the United States and for the review of Canada's Indo-Pacific strategy. The committee also agreed to replace an informal meeting with a delegation from South Africa (postponed) with a meeting with the deputy minister of foreign affairs of the Republic of Kosovo and his delegation.

The House of Commons Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs and International Development met to discuss the political transition in Syria. Witnesses from various organizations provided insights on the current situation, challenges, and opportunities for Canada to support the transition. The discussion covered topics such as the inclusion of minorities, women's participation, humanitarian aid, and the role of international actors. Noah Bonsey from the International Crisis Group highlighted the progress made in Syria's transition but also noted the challenges, including the need for greater inclusiveness and addressing humanitarian needs. Hisyar Ozsoy from the People's Democratic Party of Turkey emphasized the importance of decentralization and the inclusion of minorities for sustainable stability. Muzna Dureid from the Syrian Women's Political Movement advocated for Canada's direct engagement with Syrian authorities and support for an inclusive political transition. Ayman Al-Yassini from the Syrian Canadian Congress spoke about the need for Canada to designate a Damascus-based ambassador and embassy to work on the development of the private sector, trade, and consular services in the country. Tufail Khan from Islamic Relief Canada emphasized the importance of sustained humanitarian and development assistance. Dr. Anas Al-Kassem from the Union of Medical Care and Relief Organizations Canada focused on the need to invest in health care, infrastructure, and education to support Syria's recovery. The committee members raised questions about the safety of minorities, the involvement of government forces in violence, and the impact of regional conflicts on Syria's transition. Witnesses provided recommendations for Canada to support an inclusive and accountable transition, promote decentralization, and address humanitarian needs. The committee agreed to a one-meeting study of the main estimates and invite the deputy minister of foreign affairs and relevant officials from Global Affairs Canada.